Fez

Is the third largest city of the Kingdom of Morocco after Casablanca and Rabat, with a population of more than 1.4 million people (2004 figures). Fez is an ancient historic city, the first political capital of Morocco, founded by Moulay Idriss Al Azhar in 172 AH. Fez is divided into 3 sections, Fez el Bali, the ancient city and the new Fez was built in the thirteenth century, and the new city built by the French during the French colonial period. Chosen the city of Fez as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1981. The ancient city of Fez, the largest free zone of vehicles and cars in the world.

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Fez dates back to the second century, when Idris bin Abdullah founder state Idrisid in 172 AH to 789 m built a city on the right bank of the river Fez. Delegation to the city of Fez, dozens of families of Arab villagers to establish the first neighborhoods in the city, known as the enemy of the villagers. The delegation of the Andalusians who have been forced to migrate from Andalusia to be the enemy of the Andalusian neighborhood. There was a special Jewish neighborhood a navigator neighborhood. After the death of Idris the first twenty years the foundations of his son Idris II's second city on the left bank of the river. Has been a city divided so that the income stationed ordered Ibn Yasin Ptouhadahma and imbedded one city became a base major hostilities in northern Morocco States cascading, which ruled the region in addition to being a religious center and scientifically in North Africa and founded the University of villagers in 859 AD, which was a destination of students from all throughout the Islamic world and Europe. (1)

The city of Fez, one of the pillars of the conflict between the Umayyads in Andalusia and the Fatimids in North Africa. The city remained under the control of the Umayyads in Andalusia for more than thirty years and during that period enjoyed great prosperity. When the fall of the Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba city of Fez signed under the control of warlords Zenata local rulers of Morocco in the period, then dominated stationed on the city, followed by monotheists who took the city siege that lasted nine months and entered in 1143 AD. The sons of Marin control of the city after the fall of the uniform, they have taken them instead center of Marrakech, the city created a new ownership and management known as the white city. In Meridinide era known as the city of Fez its golden age as Abu Yusuf Yaqub has built Fez New Year 1276 and fortify her by a fence and summed up a large mosque in residential neighborhoods, palaces and gardens. (2)

Fez signed under the grip of the Ottomans in 1554 AD. Then became the center of the upper state in Morocco in 1649, and remained an important commercial center in the north of Africa. City remained the only source of Fes Fassi until the nineteenth century, when it began manufacturing in both Turkey and France.

In modern history, Fez was the capital of the Kingdom of Morocco until 1912 the period of the French occupation, which lasted until 1956, was the transformation of the capital to the city of Rabat. Many residents emigrated Fez to other cities, especially the city's Jews, as neighborhood navigator completely emptied of its inhabitants, and it was for the migration of the population of the city a bad economic impact.